There is no global consensus on how cancer initiates despite several decades of research. More than 20 theories have been put forth to explain cancer initiation main being the Somatic Mutation Theory which suggests that mutations in driver genes eventually lead to cancer.. Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) have also been suggested to initiate cancer and are responsible for metastasis and recurrence, since 1937. However, there is ambiguity on the true identity of these CSCs and whether they are transformed tissue-resident stem cells or arise by dedifferentiation and reprogramming of differentiated cells. The breakthrough technology developed by Tzar & Epigeneres is based on the hypothesis that very small embryonic-like stem cells (VSELS), residing in multiple tissues, undergo epigenetic changes and get transformed into CSCs. In cancer patients, CSCs from impacted organs in the body get mobilized into circulation in increased numbers and can be detected by the HrC test. Unique features of HrC include: (i) it is a pan-cancer screening test implying that conceptually it will detect most cancers in the body using a simple, non-invasive approach. (ii) CSCs get mobilized at the very initial stage of cancer development, unlike CTCs and ctDNA which are detected only when the tumour becomes detectable through PET.
It is crucial to detect and treat cancer early in order to win the war against cancer and achieve the objectives of the Cancer Moonshot initiative, recently launched by US President Biden. It aims to reduce cancer deaths by at least 50% over the next 25 years and improve the quality of life for cancer survivors. India is also faced with a sizable cancer burden, which continues to grow exponentially. HrC test has the potential to make a significant impact and help reduce total cancer burden.
The HRC test utilizes qPCR technology. It is based on a combination of certain genetic biomarkers that indicate the key hallmarks of cancer. Since it is a non-invasive and safe test, it can be taken as frequently as deemed necessary. The suggested frequency of testing depends on the HrC Score, which is a numeric indicator based on the combination of genes and their relative expressions.
The HrC test can also assist Oncologists to monitor responsiveness during treatment protocols. It can also be used to conrm remission more accurately as compared to all existing methods. This can eventually reduce the frequency of invasive and potentially harmful tests like Positron Emission Tomography (PET), Computerised Tomography (CT), etc.

The National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories (NABL) under Quality Council of India (QCI) provides accreditation to Medical testing laboratories. The accreditation process involves a rigorous evaluation of the laboratory’s competence, adherence to ISO and lab’s Quality Management System.
NABL accreditation is important because it ensures that the laboratory is capable of providing accurate and reliable testing and calibration services. It signifies that the laboratory meets internationally accepted standards and practices, thus increasing customer confidence and facilitating acceptance of test results globally. NABL accreditation also helps laboratories comply with regulatory requirements and promotes continuous improvement through regular assessments and surveillance.
The NABL accreditation is important as it provides a framework for evaluating and ensuring the quality and competence of testing and calibration laboratories. It benefits both the laboratories and their customers by promoting confidence, reliability, international recognition, compliance with regulations and a cycle of continuous improvement.
NABL accreditation is important for several reasons:
1. Quality assurance: NABL accreditation signifies that a laboratory meets international quality standards and is competent to provide accurate and reliable test results. It assures customers that the laboratory’s testing and calibration services are of the highest quality.
2. Competency assessment: Through the accreditation process, laboratories undergo a thorough evaluation of their technical competence, including personnel, equipment, procedures, and quality management system. This helps identify areas for improvement and ensures continuous development and enhancement of skills.
3. International recognition: NABL is a signatory to the International Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation (ILAC) and Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation (APLAC) Mutual Recognition Arrangements. This means that NABL-accredited laboratories are recognized internationally, facilitating acceptance of test results across borders.
4. Compliance with regulatory requirements: Many industries and regulatory bodies require laboratories to hold NABL accreditation for certain types of testing and calibration. Accreditation helps laboratories comply with these requirements and enables them to participate in tenders and contracts where accreditation is a prerequisite.
5. Customer confidence: NABL accreditation builds trust and confidence in the laboratory’s services among its customers. It demonstrates the laboratory’s commitment to quality, accuracy, and reliability, leading to increased customer satisfaction and loyalty.
6. Continuous improvement: NABL accreditation follows a cycle of continual improvement. Once accredited, laboratories are subject to regular surveillance assessments to ensure ongoing compliance with standards. This encourages laboratories to continuously improve their processes, systems, and services, leading to enhanced quality and customer satisfaction.
7. Potential increase in business: Due to enhanced customer confidence and satisfaction, accredited laboratories receive a form of international recognition, which allows their data and results to be more readily accepted in overseas markets. Accreditation helps to reduce costs for manufacturers and exporters who have their products or materials tested in accredited laboratories, by reducing or eliminating the need for retesting in another country.
8. Improvement in performance via Proficiency Tests: Many laboratories operate in isolation from other laboratories and do not have ongoing opportunities to compare their data with others. Without such opportunities, there are risks that the data of a laboratory may have errors, biases or significant differences when compared to data from other similar laboratories. Proficiency testing provides an opportunity to undertake such comparisons and to have an independent appraisal of the laboratory’s data compared to reference values (or other performance criteria) or to the performance of similar laboratories. The results from such participation provide laboratory managers with either a confirmation that the laboratory’s performance is satisfactory or an alert that an investigation of potential problems within the laboratory is required.
Overall, NABL accreditation is important as it provides a framework for evaluating and ensuring the quality and competence of testing and calibration laboratories. It benefits both the laboratories and their customers by promoting confidence, reliability and international recognition.

Hospitals have been making healthcare accessible to one and all and RAPP Hospital in Rawatbhatta is one such reliable hospital that is committed to providing expert medical care. Having established a firm presence as a trusted name in Hospitals, it is renowned for offering specialized services and treatments.
RAPP Hospital is one of the most renowned Hospitals in the area. Countless locals in Rawatbhatta have placed immense trust in the practitioner over the years. RAPP Hospital is situated on the main road in Rawatbhata via Kota which is easily accessible through various modes of transport.
Acu-MDx is the testing partner of the RAPP Hospital for most of the specialized tests. Acu-MDx has entered into an agreement with RAPP (under the CGHS scheme)